TABB Group

TABB Group is a financial markets' research and strategic advisory firm focused exclusively on capital markets. Founded in 2003 and based on the methodology of "first-person knowledge," TABB Group analyzes and quantifies the investing value chain from the fiduciary, investment manager, broker, exchange and custodian.

Exchanges Jargon

American-Style Option
Option contract which can be excercised at any time between the purchase date and the expiration date. Most commonly exchange-traded option in the U.S.
CME
Formerly Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Largest derivatives exchange, built through mergers with CBOT and NYMEX.
2) Bilateral agreement between buyer and seller (parties) of a futures or options on futures transaction. Defined by the exchange.
Cox, Christopher
Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confirmed in 2005.
Donaldson, William
Former chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission
ETF
Exchange-Traded Fund
Floor Broker
Licensed member of an Exchange, who is paid a fee for executing orders for Clearing Members or their customers.
Floor Trader
Also known as a "local". Exchange member who only trades for his own account.
FTSE All-Share
Index covering all the shares irrespective of size on the main London Stock Exchange
Futures
All contracts covering purchase and sale of financial instruments or physical commodities for future delivery on a commodity futures exchange.
Futures Commission Agent
Engages in soliciting or accepting handling orders for the purchase or sale of futures contracts , subject to the rules of a futures exchange and, who, in connection with solicitation or acceptance or orders, accepts any money or securities to margin any resulting trades or contracts. Can be a firm or person.
FXall
Foreign exchange platform
Hang Seng
Benchmark index of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
Kopsi
Benchmark index of the Seoul Stock Exchange
Nikkei 225
Benchmark index of the Tokyo Stock Exchange
NYSE
New York Stock Exchange
NYSE Euronext
Parent company of exchanges including New York Stock Exchange, the world's largest cash equities market; Euronext, the Eurozone's largest cash equities market; Liffe, Europe's leading derivatives exchange by value of trading; and NYSE Arca Options, one of the fastest growing U.S. options trading platforms.
Options Industry Council
An industry cooperative funded by the American Stock Exchange, Boston Options Exchange, Chicago Board Options Exchange, International Securities Exchange, NASDAQ Options Market, NASDAQ OMX PHLX, NYSE Arca, and The Options Clearing Corporation.
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission.
TietoEnator and SEB Enskilda
SEB Enskilda has selected TietoEnator’s capital market solution ProBroker to manage the company’s trading operation at the Oslo Stock Exchange. SEB Enskilda is the largest broker dealer at the Oslo Stock Exchange in terms of number of transactions as well as volumes. The implementation project has been running since vinter 2008 and 1st September SEB Enskilda went sucessfully into production with their new trading clearing and settlement solution.
TOCOM
Tokyo Commodity Exchange
TSE
Tokyo Stock Exchange
TTT Moneycorp Real-time Messaging
SMA Financial, SWIFT Regional partner for UK, Eire and Channel Islands today announced that TTT Moneycorp (Moneycorp), the leading international foreign exchange and payments specialist, has moved to real-time message processing over the SWIFT network using MQ Series.To cope with rapidly expanding business volumes and to automate its payment, banking and treasury services, Moneycorp initially implemented the SMA Bureau Service to send payment messages over the secure SWIFT network.

NYSE Euronext (NYX) operates the world's leading and most liquid exchange group, and seeks to provide the highest levels of quality, customer choice and innovation. Its family of exchanges, located in six countries, includes the New York Stock Exchange, the world's largest cash equities market; Euronext, the Eurozone's largest cash equities market; Liffe, Europe's leading derivatives exchange by value of trading; and NYSE Arca Options, one of the fastest growing U.S. options trading platforms. NYSE Euronext offers a diverse array of financial products and services for issuers, investors and financial institutions in cash equities, options and derivatives, ETFs, bonds, market data, and commercial technology solutions. As the world's largest exchange group by number of listings and market capitalization, NYSE Euronext is home to over 6,400 listed issues representing a combined $26.7 / euro 17.1 trillion (as of June 30, 2008) in total global market capitalization, more than four times that of any other exchange group. NYSE Euronext's equity exchanges transact an average daily trading value of approximately $157.0 /euro 102.7 billion (as of June 30, 2008), which represents more than one-third of the world's cash equities trading. NYSE Euronext is part of the S&P 500 index and the only exchange operator in the S&P 100 index. For more information and free real-time stock prices for all NYSE-listed securities, please visit www.nyx.com.

Financial Technologies

Financial Technologies Group is a US$1.8 billion (market capitalization as on 30th June'08, global leader in creating and operating new generation tech-centric, financial markets that not only builds unprecedented shareholder value through a non linear business model, but also in the process transforms economies, empower the common man and change lives.
We have set up 9 exchanges in India, Dubai, Mauritius and Singapore among equities, commodities, currency and bond across Africa, Middle East and South East Asia.

Our endeavour is to build the largest exchange network (liquidity platform) connecting fastest growing economies.
Our highly robust and scalable exchange and trading technology platform (Intellectual Property), coupled with deep domain expertise, gives us a decisive edge in driving mass disruptive innovation at a speed and cost of execution that are unmatched in the financial markets. This expertise uniquely positions Financial Technologies and helps create electronic, organized, and regulated financial markets for 'new asset classes' and 'new investor classes' that are either underserved or economically unviable to serve by traditional companies.

Our markets transform lives of people by democratizing global trade and economy and propagating the benefits of transparent price discovery, efficient trade execution, effective risk management, insurance against price volatility and access to structured finance. These benefits in turn create inclusive and equitable growth by unlocking value from the middle and bottom of the socio-economic pyramid.

NSX

NSX is the cost-effective provider of exchange services, committed to aligning its interests with those of its customers. Founded in 1885, NSX has been a driving force for change in the world of securities exchanges and continues to lead the way in exchange innovation. For more information on NSX, visit http://www.nsx.com/.

Turquoise Launched Formally

Turquoise, the pan-European equity trading platform backed by nine of Europe's leading investment banks, was officially launched at an 'Opening Bell' ceremony by Peter Gibbs, Chairman and Eli Lederman, Chief Executive in the Turquoise offices at 8am this morning.

The ringing of the Turquoise Bell, cast nearby at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry - Britain's oldest continuously operated manufacturing company - heralds Turquoise's formal opening. The bell symbolises the traditional values of reliability and integrity that have characterised successful exchanges through history, and informs the market that while Turquoise operates the most sophisticated modern technology it recognises its role at the centre of capital markets.

Over the last five weeks, Turquoise has added stocks and countries in a planned, deliberate process to ensure its orderly adoption by members and its integration with other components of market infrastructure. The formal opening today represents the end of this rollout, and the start of a new phase in the development of the Turquoise market. Turquoise's unique market model offers valuable liquidity to traders of small orders at high frequency and dark orders in institutional size.

IntercontinentalExchange Postpones ICE Clear Europe

IntercontinentalExchange (NYSE:ICE) , has announced today that the launch of ICE Clear Europe has been postponed, citing the turmoil in the financial markets following the collapse of Lehman Brothers

The new launch date has not been decided but is likely to be in late September or October. The technology phase of the transition was successfully completed as planned on Saturday, September 13.

"Given the success of the implementation of the transition plan this weekend, we are confident that the transfer will proceed smoothly on a rescheduled date," said ICE President and Chief Operating Officer Chuck Vice. "This decision was made in continuous consultation with industry participants throughout the weekend, and in the interest of the broader market, in order to respond appropriately to the current dynamic environment."

IntercontinentalExchange Claims No Lehman Exposure

IntercontinentalExchange (NYSE:ICE) , an operator of global regulated exchanges and over-the- counter (OTC) markets, confirmed that Lehman Brothers continues to meet all obligations at its U.S. futures clearinghouse.

ICE Clear U.S. has conducted an analysis of Lehman's financial position as a clearing member of ICE Clear U.S.(TM), and has concluded that it continues to meet all obligations. ICE and Creditex also said that receivables relating to Lehman are immaterial.

Fixnetrix and Borse Berlin

Börse Berlin Equiduct Systems has announced that it has selected Fixnetix, the leading provider of low latency market data and trading infrastructure connectivity, to develop the fastest and most robust market data feed for its Equiduct Trading platform. Equiduct Trading will provide, from mid-2008, a pan-European regulated market offering cross-border trading services and market data distribution that needs the fastest and most reliable market data feed technology to ensure that its customers can take advantage of its Best Execution services.

Börse Berlin Equiduct Systems selected Fixnetix because its market data solutions deliver the fastest, most resilient and proven end-to-end performance without any buffering or loss of data, and the company was able to ensure minimal pan European latency to support the creation of Equiduct Trading's VBBO (Volume-weighted Best Bid and Offer) real-time feed for liquid instruments, which is derived from the full depth of the book from all relevant execution venues in Europe. Based on Fixnetix data, Börse Berlin Equiduct Trading believes that its VBBO provides the European benchmark price that is required as part of each investment firm?s equity execution policy.

Börse Berlin Equiduct Systems selected Fixnetix feeds after a detailed assessment of other market data vendors.

"Enabling our customers to quickly and cost-effectively meet the requirements under MiFID we need to ensure that we provide the most reliable VBBO prices" commented Artur Fischer, Joint CEO of Börse Berlin Equiduct Trading. "Our comprehensive testing confirmed that the Fixnetix feeds deliver the fastest and most comprehensive Level II data for all our target markets, and - as recent market conditions have shown - are robust enough not to drop or delay any data during volatile or fast market conditions" commented Rob Brouwer CIO of the Börse Berlin Equiduct Group. "With a key project like this, deadlines were of ultimate importance and we are pleased that Fixnetix were able to deliver this first phase of the project on time," he added.

"Fixnetix is committed to the success of Börse Berlin Equiduct Trading, and we?re delighted that Equiduct has recognized Fixnetix direct data feeds as the fastest and most resilient for demanding real-time applications such as the Equiduct Trading offering," added Hugh Hughes, Chief Executive Officer for Fixnetix. "Börse Berlin Equiduct Trading clearly realises that low latency services - and the ability of firms to provide a Best Execution capability - are meaningless without the proven end-to-end connectivity that can ensure robust performance across demanding multi-national environments. That's why we're proud of our ability to deliver sub-millisecond performance without any buffering or loss of data."

Trading Glossary

aMembers or their customers.

Floor Trader
Also known as a "local". Exchange member who only trades for his own account.

Futures
All contracts covering purchase and sale of financial instruments or physical commodities for future delivery on a commodity futures exchange.

3

GAAP
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.

Hedge
Strategy to limit investment loss by effecting a transaction which offsets an existing position.

Holder
Purchaser of an option

IFRS
International Financial Reporting Standards

IFRS 3
Accounting standard for "business combinations" or Merger and Acquisitions transactions. First standard written jointly by International Accounting Standards Board and the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board.

Initial Performance Bond
Also known as "Initial Margin". Funds required when a futures position is opened.

Integrity and Ethics
Reside under the Control Environment. The senior management need to set the tone for the company. Whilst they might be considered "soft" and "intangible" concepts, they affect the design, administration and monitoring of

Negative examples of integrity and ethics are the infamous Enron and WorldCom scandals.

A positive example is BP which sets a high bar for ethical behaviour by employees. To back this policy up they make mention of it and its effectiveness in financial reports.

In-the-money
Occurs if the strike price of a call option is less than the market price of the underlying security. For put options the strike price has to be higher than the market price of the underlying security for it to be in-the money.p>Intrinsic Value
Amount by which an option is in-the-money.

ISDA
International Swaps and Derivatives Association

LTCM
Long Term Capital Management

Margin Requirement for Options
Amount an uncovered (naked) option writer is required to deposit and maintain to cover a position. Calculated

Market Order
Order for immediate execution given to a broker to buy or sell at the best obtainable price.

Mark-To-Market
Daily adjustment of margin accounts to reflect profit and loss.

MD&A
Management's Disclosure and Analysis

Mezzanine
When applied to finance refers to moderate risk or mid level.

Minimum Price Fluctuation
Smallest increment of price movement possible in trading a given contract. It is also referred to as "lead month".

MUST
Multi-Underlying Structured Trade

NASPP
National Association of Stock Plan Professionals

Nearby
Nearest active trading month of a futures or options on futures contract.

NYSE
New York Stock Exchange

Offer
Price at which an investor is willing to sell a futures or options contract. Offset buying if one has sold, or selling if one has bought, a futures or options on futures contract.

Omgeo
Vendor of post-execution trade management solutions.

Omgeo TradeSuite
US trade confirmation service from Omgeo

Open Interest
Total number of futures or options on futures contracts that have not yet been offset or fulfilled by delivery. An indicator of the depth or liquidity of a market (the ability to buy or sell at or near a given price) and of the

Private Equity Intelligence
Research group specialising in the private equity arena.

Private File Creator
Private File Creator from Accuity allows users to create and maintain personalized lists of relevant business entities for use in their enhanced due diligence and Know Your Customer programs.

Prodiance
Provider of enterprise spreadsheet management

Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
Organization set up under Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 to regulate auditing of public companies and auditors.

Quantifi
provider of analytics and risk management solutions for the global credit markets.

Regulation FD
Regulation Fair Disclosure

Rule enforced by the SEC requiring U.S. to make available to the public that they make to securities analysts. If the disclosure is intentional the release has to be simultaneous. Unintentional

Repo
The practice of loaning out shares in return for cash.

Risk Assessment
One of five components of internal control according to the COSO Internal Control Framework

Risks faced by the company have to be recognized. Objectives have to be set, integrated into the value-chain. To achieve the objectives, risks have to be identified, analyzed and develop methods to manage them.

Rule 13a-15 (e)
SEC rule which defines Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

Rule 13a-15 (f)
SEC rule which defines Internal Control over Financial Reporting

SCSE
Society of Corporate Compliance and Ethics

SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission.

SOX
Shorthand for Sarbanes-Oxley.

Structured Notes
Derivatives-linked bonds designed to deliver high returns over a fixed period.

Synthetic Collateralised Debt Obligations
Repackaged portfolios of credit derivatives.

TOCOM
Tokyo Commodity Exchange

TS2
System proprosed by the ECB for a single securities settlements across the Eurozone.

TSE
Tokyo Stock Exchange